Final answer:
The powers described fall under the category of enumerated powers, which are specifically listed in the U.S. Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The powers described in the question, including levying taxes, borrowing money, and protecting rights for citizens, fall under the category of enumerated powers. These powers are specifically listed in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. They are granted to the national government and provide the foundation for its authority.