Final answer:
Stare decisis is a Latin phrase meaning "stand by things decided," reflecting a legal principle within the U.S. court system that highlights the importance of precedent in judicial decisions. While it contributes to the consistency and legitimacy of the law, the Supreme Court has shown that it can overturn precedents, especially when addressing rights violations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Stare decisis is not Greek but Latin for "stand by things decided." This legal doctrine emphasizes that courts should adhere to precedents and not unsettle matters that are settled. Precedent refers to principles or guidelines established in previous legal cases that are then used to determine the outcome of current cases that are similar in nature.
Within the U.S. court system, the principle of stare decisis is particularly influential. It signifies that current decisions should be based mainly on rulings from the past, ensuring consistency, certainty, and stability in the law and its interpretations. This legal principle is key in maintaining the integrity and the legitimacy of the judiciary.
However, there have been instances where the Supreme Court has been willing to overturn precedent, especially when it concerns issues of human rights, civil rights, or states' rights. This demonstrates that while stare decisis is an important principle, the judiciary also recognizes the necessity to evolve and correct injustices as society progresses.