Final answer:
Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation involves rapid and deep breathing caused by central nervous system disorders, leading to low blood carbon dioxide and high pH levels. It is not related to cardiovascular, lung diseases or the peripheral nervous system.
Step-by-step explanation:
Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation (CNH) is characterized by rapid and deep breathing caused by brain injury or diseases that affect the brain's respiratory center. This type of hyperventilation leads to abnormally low blood carbon dioxide levels and a consequent increase in blood pH (alkaline). CNH is not a cardiovascular disorder, is not caused by lung disease, and does not directly affect the peripheral nervous system, making option A, which states that it involves rapid breathing, the correct choice. The condition arises from central nervous system pathology, and it is a form of dysregulated breathing rate that exemplifies the body's complex mechanisms in responding to changes in carbon dioxide and pH levels.