Final answer:
Option B, 'Alveolar and Apical,' is the correct division of the periodontal ligament. This ligament, made of collagen fibers, anchors the teeth in the jaw and can be affected by diseases like scurvy that inhibit collagen production.
Step-by-step explanation:
The division of the periodontal ligament that the question refers to is between the alveolar portion and the apical portion, making option B (Alveolar and Apical) the correct answer. The periodontal ligament is composed of collagen fibers and has a crucial role in anchoring the roots of the teeth to the alveolar bone (part of the maxilla and the mandible). These fibers allow the teeth to withstand the stresses of chewing and biting.
Because scurvy is a disease that impairs collagen production, it can significantly affect the integrity of the periodontal ligament, leading to a weakening of the connective tissue that holds the teeth in place. This can result in symptoms such as loosened teeth or even tooth loss.