Final answer:
The condition described by autosomal dominant genetics, possible rubella association, varying density, and stable visual acuity, along with microphthalmic eyes, is Microphthalmia (D).
Step-by-step explanation:
The eye condition is described by the provided information, which includes characterizations such as autosomal dominant genetics, association with rubella, varying density and visual acuity (VA) that is usually stable, and a tendency for eyes to be microphthalmia, is D) Microphthalmia.
Microphthalmia is a developmental disorder of the eye in which one or both eyes are abnormally small. This condition may be associated with other systemic issues and can be linked to genetic factors. Cataract, in contrast, refers to a clouding of the lens and is often associated with aging, but can also be congenital as mentioned in the context of Lowe disease. However, cataracts do not typically cause microphthalmia. Thus, within the context of the student's question, which specifically points out microphthalmia, the correct answer is D) Microphthalmia.