Final answer:
To assess a meniscus tear, McMurray's test is used primarily along with MRI for imaging. Physical signs and arthroscopic surgery also play roles in both diagnosis and treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
To assess for a meniscus tear, healthcare providers use various physical examination tests and imaging techniques. One of the common examination tests is McMurray's test, which involves the healthcare provider bending the knee, straightening it, and then rotating it to see if there's a click, which could suggest a meniscal tear. Another examination technique is the Lachman's test, which assesses the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament but can also indicate associated meniscal injury when the knee is flexed and weight-bearing, as the anterior cruciate ligament supports the knee in this position.
An MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides a detailed view of the knee's soft tissues, including the menisci, to confirm the presence and extent of a tear. Lastly, the assessment findings such as quadriceps atrophy, pain, and reports of pops or clicks can be indicative of a meniscus tear along with ligamentous injuries, especially considering the medial meniscus's attachment to the tibial collateral ligament. This ligament, when injured due to a blow to the knee, can result in damage to the medial meniscus attached to it.
In cases where there is a suspected meniscus tear or other knee injuries, arthroscopic surgery might be indicated not only for the diagnosis but also for the treatment of these injuries. Arthroscopy involves making a small incision to insert an arthroscope and small surgical instruments to visualize and repair or remove the torn meniscus. Additionally, if the anterior cruciate ligament is damaged, it can be reconstructed using a portion of the patellar ligament.