Final answer:
Influenza virus types A and B are the most common cause of viral pneumonia, which typically affects children and the elderly. Vaccination can help prevent this condition, and antiviral medications are used for its treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common cause of viral pneumonia is the influenza virus. More specifically, influenza types A and B are frequently identified as the pathogens responsible for cases of viral pneumonia. While other viruses such as adenoviruses, parainfluenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses can also lead to viral pneumonia, the influenza virus stands out as a predominant cause, especially in vulnerable populations like children and the elderly.
It's noteworthy that while pneumonia can be caused by various organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, the viral pneumonia is distinct from bacterial pneumonia, the latter often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Vaccination against the flu can help prevent influenza-related pneumonia, and antiviral medications may be prescribed for treatment alongside supportive care to manage symptoms.