Final answer:
A nurse will examine a client at risk for thrombosis by checking for signs like leg swelling, redness, pain, warmth, and differences in leg size. Risk factors like immobility, clotting disorders, and chronic conditions are also assessed. Strategies to reduce risk are discussed, including exercises and medical interventions.
Step-by-step explanation:
When examining a client who is at risk for thrombosis, the nurse will pay close attention to several key factors. They will look for signs of clot formation such as swelling, redness, pain, and warmth in extremities, especially the legs. As swelling can indicate a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), measuring both legs for discrepancies in size can be an important aspect of the examination. Monitoring for changes in skin color or temperature can also be an indicator of blood flow issues caused by clots. Additionally, the nurse will review the patient's mobility status and look for risk factors including lengthy periods of immobility, a history of thrombophilia or other clotting disorders, recent surgeries, and chronic conditions like heart failure.
They might also note any history of conditions that can contribute to hypercoagulability such as autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus), reactions to medications like heparin, or other medical conditions like polycythemia vera, sickle cell disease, and pregnancy. Obesity is also considered a risk factor. The nurse will discuss strategies for reducing the risk of thrombosis, which can include leg exercises, walking frequently, and possibly the use of graduated compression stockings or anticoagulant medications.