Final answer:
The correct answer is A) Search incident to arrest. In this type of search, the police have the authority to search a person lawfully arrested within their 'wingspan' or immediate control.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is A) Search incident to arrest. In situations where a person is lawfully arrested, the police have the authority to conduct a search within the 'wingspan' or immediate control of the person. This type of search is known as a search incident to arrest.
An example of a search incident to arrest is when a person is arrested for drug possession, and the police search their pockets to look for any drugs or drug paraphernalia. The search is considered lawful because it is conducted within the 'wingspan' of the arrested person.