Final answer:
A physician specializing in eye disorders and diseases is an Ophthalmologist (D). An endocrinologist focuses on endocrine system disorders, including diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, and adrenal disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye is a D) Ophthalmologist. An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor who is trained to perform eye exams, diagnose and treat disease, prescribe medications, and perform eye surgery. On the other hand, an optometrist provides vision care, prescribing glasses and contact lenses, but they do not perform surgery. An optician fits and sells glasses and lenses based on prescriptions. A DO, or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, is a physician whose training is often similar to that of an allopathic medical doctor (MD) but also includes a holistic approach and the practice of osteopathic manipulative treatment.
Regarding endocrinologists, they are medical doctors who specialize in treating disorders of the endocrine system. Some diseases that would be monitored and treated by an endocrinologist include diabetes mellitus, gigantism, acromegaly, pituitary dwarfism, thyroid disorders such as goitre and Graves' disease, and adrenal disorders like Cushing's disease and Addison's disease.