Question

The patient is exhibiting a rigid extended neck and a thickening tongue. Which of the following statements are correct and appropriate for a patient experiencing these symptoms?

(A) Aggressively treat hyperthermia, if present, with cooling blankets and ice packs.
(B) Extreme hyperthermia is an extrapyramidal symptom and requires immediate attention to prevent permanent brain damage.
(C) The patient may experience respiratory alkalosis.
(D) Continue antipsychotic medication regimen while treating NMS symptoms.

Answer 1

The patient is exhibiting symptoms consistent with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), which requires immediate attention. Treatment involves stopping the antipsychotic medication, aggressive cooling measures, and managing complications such as respiratory alkalosis.

Step-by-step explanation:

The patient is exhibiting a rigid extended neck and a thickening tongue. These symptoms are consistent with a condition called neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). NMS is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that can occur as a side effect of antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by a combination of neurological, autonomic, and metabolic abnormalities.

Given the symptoms, it is important to immediately stop the antipsychotic medication regimen, as continuing it can worsen the condition. Treatment for NMS involves supportive care, including aggressive cooling measures to reduce hyperthermia, as well as monitoring and managing complications such as respiratory alkalosis. Extreme hyperthermia should be treated promptly to prevent permanent brain damage.