Final answer:
The Fifth Amendment protects against compelled testimonial self-incrimination and gives individuals the right not to answer questions that might incriminate them.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is C) Fifth Amendment.
The Fifth Amendment protects against compelled testimonial self-incrimination by establishing that "[n]o person ... shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself." This means that individuals have the right not to answer questions or provide evidence that might incriminate them in a criminal case. This protection is popularly known as "taking the fifth."
The Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination has become embedded in our public consciousness and is a key component of the Miranda warning, which informs suspects of their rights before being interrogated in police custody.