Final answer:
The symptoms described in the question suggest glomerulonephritis, a type of glomerular disease. Further evaluation is needed to determine the specific type.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symptoms described in the question, including proteinuria, mild edema, RBC casts, and hematuria, are indicative of a glomerular disease called glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli of the nephrons, which can be caused by various factors such as infections or autoimmune diseases. In this case, the presence of RBC casts and hematuria suggests that there is bleeding in the glomeruli.
To determine the specific type of glomerulonephritis, further diagnostic tests and evaluation are necessary. The options provided in the question (A) Minimal change disease, (B) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), (C) Membranous nephropathy, and (D) IgA nephropathy) are all possible forms of glomerulonephritis, but more information is needed to make a definitive diagnosis.