Final answer:
The broadest category of computer systems protected by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act is federal interest systems, which includes systems that affect interstate or foreign commerce among others. Lower courts in the U.S. include the district and circuit courts, and the nation's judicial system is divided into federal and state courts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The broadest category of computer systems protected by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), as amended, is federal interest systems. The CFAA is a federal statute that provides a broad legal framework to combat computer-related offenses.
Federal interest systems include not only systems located in the United States or government-owned systems but also those that affect interstate or foreign commerce. The CFAA's protections are not limited to any one type of computer system; instead, they encompass any system used in a manner that affects the federal interest, which includes national security, interstate commerce, and government operations.
Besides the Supreme Court, there are lower courts in the national system called district and circuit courts. The judicial system in the U.S is split into federal and state courts, with federal courts handling matters such as trade disputes, military justice, and government lawsuits.
Judges in federal courts are appointed by the president with the consent of Congress. This separation ensures a diversified judicial process that appropriately addresses federal and state legal matters.