Final answer:
Carl mowing the yard for $20 is motivated by extrinsic motivation (option E) , as he is driven by the external reward of money. Getting a haircut to look attractive would be considered a secondary drive in drive-reduction theory, as it relates to social acceptance rather than physiological needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Drive-Reduction Theory and Motivation
Drive-reduction theory posits that our behaviors are motivated by the need to reduce drives, which are internal states of tension that result from our physiological needs. When we have a physiological need, it creates an uncomfortable internal state (a drive) that motivates us to engage in behaviors to reduce or satisfy the need, thus bringing the system back to homeostasis.
In the case of Carl mowing the yard for $20, the type of motivation involved is extrinsic motivation. This is because Carl is motivated by an external reward — in this case, money. Extrinsic motivation arises from external factors or rewards, in contrast to intrinsic motivation, which would involve doing an activity for its inherent satisfaction rather than for some separable consequence.
The choice of getting a haircut to look attractive would typically be considered a secondary drive because it is an acquired or learned drive that stems from our desire for social acceptance or esteem, which is not directly related to biological or physiological needs.