Final answer:
b. Moral values
Normative jurisprudence aims to establish what the law ought to be by examining the moral underpinnings of legal systems. It contrasts with descriptive jurisprudence and draws upon normative ethics, in particular, moral values rather than just legal rules or applications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Normative Jurisprudence and its Objectives
Normative jurisprudence is a branch of legal philosophy that seeks to answer foundational questions about the law and its relationship to issues like ethics, morality, and social policies. The primary question normative jurisprudence wishes to determine is b. Moral values.
This area of jurisprudence focuses on what the law ought to be, rather than what it currently is, and it involves examining the moral underpinnings of legal systems and legal rules. Normative jurisprudence often considers how laws can and should embody ethical obligations, promote justice, and achieve social aims in line with ethical principles.
In contrast to descriptive or analytic jurisprudence, which aims to describe legal systems and their operations, normative jurisprudence engages with evaluative questions.
Philosophers and jurists in this field may draw upon concepts from normative ethics, such as consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics, to assess laws and legal institutions. By looking at the intended and actual impacts of legal rules, as well as the virtues and duties they promote or undermine, scholars of normative jurisprudence try to inform the creation and refinement of laws that better reflect societal moral values.