Final answer:
Arched structures consist of wedge-shaped stones or voussoirs with a central keystone and are used in architecture to bear loads and span large spaces. Examples include bridges, aqueducts, and the interiors of churches, benefiting from both strength and aesthetic value.
Step-by-step explanation:
Definition and Use of Arched Structures in Architecture
An arched structure is an architectural element composed of wedge-shaped units called voussoirs, where the central uppermost piece, the keystone, locks them into place. This design redistributes weight laterally and down into the supports, allowing the arch to bear significant loads and span large areas without the need for numerous vertical supports. By employing arced forms, such as in vaults and domes, architects can create expansive interior spaces and elevate the aesthetic quality of a building.
Typical Uses in Architecture
Typically, arches have been utilized for both their structural and aesthetic values. They are widely used in bridges, aqueducts, gatehouses, chapels, and especially churches, with many Gothic and Romanesque buildings featuring naves defined by repeating arch patterns. When placed side by side, they form an arcade, as seen in historic structures like the Pont-du-Gard aqueduct in Nimes, France. The development of the arch has proven pivotal to the evolution of architecture, enabling the creation of buildings with high walls and expansive open spaces that are both structurally sound and visually compelling.