Final answer:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disease characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. The exact cause of IBS is not known, but there are several risk factors and causes that have been identified.
Step-by-step explanation:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disease characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. The exact cause of IBS is not known, but there are several risk factors and causes that have been identified.
One of the risk factors for IBS is genetic predisposition. There is evidence to suggest that IBS may run in families, indicating a possible genetic component. Other risk factors include certain environmental factors such as smoking tobacco and consuming a diet high in animal proteins.
In addition, stress is believed to play a role in the development of IBS. Stress can affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms such as an upset stomach. The neurotransmitter serotonin, which is involved in mood regulation, is also implicated in IBS. Most serotonin in the body is synthesized in neurons that innervate the smooth muscle cells lining the gastrointestinal tract.