Final answer:
Teaching preschoolers is an indicator of generativity in middle adulthood, as it involves contributing to the development of others and the next generation, which aligns with Erik Erikson's concept of generativity versus stagnation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding the nurse's assessment of a middle-aged patient and the question of which information indicates the patient has achieved generativity, the option that aligns with this developmental achievement is 'a. Teaches preschoolers'. Generativity, as defined by Erik Erikson, refers to the concern for establishing and guiding the next generation, which often involves creative outputs and actions that benefit other people. Teaching preschoolers is an example of contributing to the development of others and finding one's life's work, which are key components of this stage of psychosocial development.
Generativity vs. stagnation is a concept by Erik Erikson that explains the challenge of middle adulthood, where individuals strive to contribute to society and the well-being of future generations. Achieving generativity means that one is actively involved in mentoring, raising children, volunteering, or in this case, teaching. It is contrasted with stagnation, where an individual may become self-absorbed or isolated, having little connection with others or interest in societal productivity.