Final answer:
The Covenant Code is mainly constituted of casuistic or case law, which offers specific directives based on various cases, extending the principles found in the Ten Commandments into more detailed rules governing social and ethical situations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Covenant Code, which follows the Ten Commandments in the biblical Book of Exodus, is predominantly composed of casuistic law, or case law.
This type of law provides examples of specific situations and prescribes what actions should be taken, often in an "if... then..." form.
It differs from the Ten Commandments, which is more apodictic in nature; that means they are universally applied rules, such as "You shall not steal."
The nuances in the Covenant Code address everyday life issues, suggesting that the code aimed to govern the social and ethical relationships of the Israelite community.
In the context of the Rule of Law, unlike the self-governance aspect where citizens collectively decide on rules, the Covenant Code was believed to be divinely given and not derived from public consensus.
The relationship between divine law and the laws of society is noted in the works of thinkers like Thomas Aquinas, who distinguished between different types of laws including human and divine.
Divine laws, according to Aquinas, are revealed by God and are necessary for salvation, which aligns with the origins of the Covenant Code as per Biblical tradition.