Final answer:
Complications such as pneumothorax and air embolism are associated with Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) or Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN), typically as a result of improper technique. Contaminated medical equipment can lead to health care-associated pneumonia. Proper training and technique are essential to minimize these risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the potential complications of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) or Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN), specifically the risk of developing a pneumothorax or an air embolism. While these complications can occur, they are generally associated with improper technique. A pneumothorax, which involves collapsed lung tissue, can be related to spontaneous occurrences or can arise from health care procedures that disrupt the thoracic cavity or introduce bacteria.
Health care-associated pneumonia is another potential complication, often due to contaminated medical equipment. Invasive procedures, such as inserting a catheter or a ventilator, might introduce bacteria leading to pneumonia. Obstructive shock, which includes pulmonary embolism and pneumothorax, is a condition that can result if part of the vascular system is blocked.
Treatment-related complications are possible, especially with improper technique. Thus, when considering the risks of TPN/PPN, proper training and technique are essential to minimize the likelihood of such complications.