Final answer:
Infection of the buccal mucosa, tongue, or oropharynx by Candida spp. is called oral candidiasis option (a), also known as oral thrush, marked by white lesions in the mouth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Infection of the buccal (cheek) mucosa, tongue, or oropharynx by Candida spp. is known as oral candidiasis option (a). This condition is also commonly referred to as oral thrush and is characterized by the overgrowth of Candida yeast, which is normally present in the human microbiota. The infection is recognizable by white lesions in the mouth and throat, which can be especially prevalent in infants and individuals with compromised immune systems, such as patients with AIDS. While other oral infections exist, such as trench mouth caused by certain bacteria or mumps caused by the mumps virus, oral candidiasis is specifically related to the overgrowth of Candida.