Final answer:
Nursing responsibilities related to informed consent include determining the patient's competence option (c) and ensuring they understand the information, not just obtaining a signature. Children are not competent to provide consent; legal representatives must consent for them. The informed consent process is vital for ethical standards and patient autonomy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nursing responsibilities related to informed consent are multifaceted. Contrary to options a) and d), nursing responsibilities do not include only obtaining the patient's signature or focusing solely on explaining the procedure. Instead, these responsibilities encompass determining the patient's competency (c), which includes verifying that the patient understands the information presented and agrees to the proposed care or procedure. It is essential to ensure that all risks and benefits are clearly outlined and that the patient or their legal representative comprehends all relevant aspects of their care or participation in a study before giving consent.
It's important to note that children are generally not competent to provide consent for themselves (b). In clinical or research settings, the process of informed consent is critical to protecting patient autonomy and ensuring ethical standards are upheld. Obtaining informed consent involves a thorough process wherein individuals are fully informed of all aspects of the care or study they are consenting to, including any potential risks and benefits.