Final answer:
The most concerning finding for a client with emphysema that should be reported to the provider is an elevated temperature, which may indicate an infection or an exacerbation of the condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
When assessing a client with emphysema, a nurse should report an elevated temperature to the provider as this could be an indication of an infection or exacerbation of the disease. While an oxygen saturation of 94% might be lower than the normal range (95%-100%), it is not uncommon for patients with emphysema to have a slightly lower saturation level. A respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute is within the normal range (12-20 breaths per minute), and an increased chest diameter, or barrel chest, is a common physical change associated with emphysema due to the overinflation of the lungs. Therefore, the elevated temperature is the most concerning finding that should be communicated to the provider.