Final answer:
The best antihypertensive medications for older adults include thiazide-diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs, often used in a stepped care approach. Non-pharmacologic methods and beta-blockers may also play a role, but require careful consideration due to potential side effects and interactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The best antihypertensive medications for older adults typically include a range of options, tailored to the individual's health status and response to treatment. First-line medications for hypertension often consist of thiazide-diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibitors) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). These medications may be used alone or in combination, whilst being mindful that ACE inhibitors and ARBs are not recommended for concurrent use.
Non-pharmacologic methods are also an essential part of hypertension management, especially considering potential side effects and interactions of medications in older adults. Beta-adrenergic blockers (or beta-blockers) are another class of medication that can be used, working by slowing the heart rate (HR) through blocking beta-1 receptors. However, they must be prescribed carefully to avoid complications such as bradycardia.
Ultimately, the medication regimen should be initiated through a stepped care approach, adjusting as needed to achieve and maintain blood pressure goals. It's crucial for clinicians to assess each patient's particular needs, considering factors like coexisting medical conditions, potential side effects, and drug interactions, to determine the most suitable antihypertensive therapy.