Final answer:
The SWEBOK Guide identifies the four major activities of the requirements engineering process as Elicitation, Analysis, Specification, and Validation (option B) , which involve collecting, scrutinizing, documenting, and verifying the system requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
Requirements Engineering Process
The SWEBOK Guide defines the four major activities of the requirements engineering process as: Elicitation, Analysis, Specification, and Validation. These steps are crucial for the successful development of a software system. Elicitation involves interacting with stakeholders to collect the requirements. During Analysis, the gathered requirements are scrutinized to detect conflicts or inconsistencies and to create models that further our understanding of these requirements.
Specification is the activity where the analyzed requirements are documented and turned into a description that will guide subsequent design and implementation work. Finally, Validation ensures that the requirements and the documented specifications match the actual stakeholder needs and are feasible within the constraints of the system.