Final answer:
The most effective method to prevent urinary incontinence due to immobility in older patients is to establish a regular toileting program, which helps maintain bladder function and prevents incontinence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most effective way to prevent urinary incontinence associated with immobility in an older adult patient who is unable to get out of bed is b. Set up a toileting program. This approach involves assisting or reminding the patient to use the toilet at regular intervals, which helps maintain normal bladder function and can aid in preventing incontinence. Absorbent underpads (a) can help manage incontinence but do not prevent it. Restricting fluid intake (c) or fluids after dinner (d) could lead to dehydration, potentially exacerbating urinary tract infections or other issues, and doesn't directly address the cause of incontinence related to immobility. When caring for the elderly, especially those with reduced mobility or neurological conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, it is crucial that fluid intake be monitored, but not restricted to the point of causing dehydration, as it may increase the risk of urinary tract infections and contribute to the decline in overall health.