Final answer:
The notion that discretionary functions are those that involve merely carrying out a policy is false for the FTCA, which typically relates to government decision-making and policy-making actions. Also, Dillon's Rule, contrary to giving local governments freedom, actually restricts their powers to only those expressly granted by the state.
Step-by-step explanation:
For the purposes of the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), the statement that discretionary functions are those that involve merely carrying out a policy is false. Discretionary functions, in the context of the FTCA, are those that involve judgment, decision-making, or policy-making that are not compelled by a specific statute, regulation, or policy.
These functions are part of the discretionary function exemption, which shields the United States from liability in certain circumstances, even if a government employee's negligence causes harm.
Turning to Dillon's Rule, it is false that Dillon's Rule gives local governments the freedom and flexibility to make decisions for themselves.
Rather, Dillon's Rule is a legal principle that states that local governments have only the powers that are expressly granted to them by the state, as well as those powers that are necessarily or fairly implied in or incident to the powers expressly granted, and those powers essential to the declared purposes and objects of the corporation.