Final answer:
The question refers to the Demographic Transition Model, which outlines the transition from a pre-industrial society with high birth and death rates to an industrial and post-industrial society with lower birth and death rates, affecting population growth and urbanization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The transition described in the question seems to be referring to the stages of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) which is a model that represents how a population's birth and death rates tend to change over time, typically as a society progresses from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. The model is composed of several stages:
- Stage 1: Traditional society characterized by high birth and death rates, leading to a stable population.
- Stage 2: The society begins to experience a decline in death rates due to improvements in healthcare and sanitation, resulting in population growth.
- Stage 3: Birth rates start to decline, possibly due to changes in family planning, economic changes, or increased education, while the rate of urbanization increases.
- Stage 4: Both birth and death rates are low, leading to a stabilized population.
- Stage 5: The country faces a declining population, typically seen in post-industrial societies with high levels of urbanization.
The question seems to be a reference to the process a population goes through during Stage 2/Phase 3 towards Stage 3/Phase 2, reflecting the changes in birth and death rates, and urbanization as a society develops.