Final answer:
The risk factors for developing periodontal disease include dental plaque, smoking, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. However, atherosclerosis is not directly associated with the development of periodontal disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
The risk factors for developing periodontal disease include dental plaque, smoking, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. All of these factors contribute to the progression of the disease and increase the likelihood of developing periodontal disease. However, the correct answer to the question is atherosclerosis, as it is not directly associated with the development of periodontal disease.