Final answer:
A 'Private prison' is the correct answer, which refers to a facility operated by a private company that detains individuals for immigration violations, and is part of the larger debate on the privatization of the criminal justice system. The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the student's question is 'b) Private prison.' This type of immigration detention facility is operated by private companies that house persons detained for immigration violations.
Unlike public detention centers which are run by government entities, a private prison is managed by a private firm. This institution has been subject to debate over the cost-savings it purports to provide versus potential issues with service quality, including human rights concerns.
The prison-industrial complex term relates to the growth of the prison population and the involvement of corporations in the criminal justice system, including the operation of private prisons. These facilities are considered part of the larger discussions on criminal justice, immigrant detention policies, and the privatization of traditionally public functions.