Final answer:
The broad array of sentencing and punishment options from fines to the death penalty refers to retributive justice, which includes punitive measures proportionate to the crime. Retributive justice contrasts with rehabilitation, which aims to re-integrate offenders, and restorative justice, which seeks to reconcile affected parties. b) Retributive justice
Step-by-step explanation:
The phrase "Refers to a broad array of sentencing and punishment options that range from simple fines to incarceration and end with the death penalty" is discussing the various strategies within the criminal justice system to handle crime.
Other concepts like restorative justice focus on repairing the harm caused by crime and reconciling the offender with the victim and community. Rehabilitation looks at transforming the offender into a contributing member of society, often through counseling, education, and vocational training.
Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the most extreme form of punishment and is a contentious issue across the globe. Countries vary in how they implement these justice approaches, with some focused more on punitive measures while others emphasize rehabilitation or restorative practices. The effectiveness and ethics of these approaches, particularly incarceration and the death penalty, are subjects of ongoing debate and research into criminal justice reform.