Final answer:
General deterrence is the concept of punishing an offender in public so that other observers will refrain from future criminal behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to this question is c) General deterrence. General deterrence is the concept of punishing an offender in public so that other observers will refrain from future criminal behavior.
It is a strategy used in the criminal justice system to prevent crime by instilling fear and discouraging potential offenders through the punishment of others.
For example, when a criminal is publicly punished for their actions, it serves as a warning to others, creating a deterrent effect.
General deterrence is one of the five basic approaches to controlling crime in criminal justice systems worldwide.