Question

Lisinopril (Prinivil) is often used to treat heart failure because it lowers blood volume. Which of the following best explains how lisinopril lowers blood volume?

1. It has an antagonistic effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme.
2. It lowers aldosterone secretion, a hormone that increases sodium reabsorption.
3. It causes hypernatremia and increased renal tubule permeability, resulting in a diuretic effect.
4. It causes a diuretic effect by lowering the amount of sodium lost in the urine.

Answer 1

Lisinopril (Prinivil) lowers blood volume by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which reduces angiotensin II levels. This hormone constricts blood vessels and stimulates the release of aldosterone, causing sodium reabsorption and increased water retention. By inhibiting ACE, lisinopril helps treat heart failure by lowering blood volume.

Step-by-step explanation:

Lisinopril (Prinivil) lowers blood volume by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. By inhibiting ACE, lisinopril reduces the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels and stimulates the release of aldosterone. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased water retention and blood volume. Therefore, by inhibiting ACE and reducing angiotensin II levels, lisinopril lowers blood volume and helps treat heart failure.