Question

The patient has serum cholesterol levels of the following:

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) = 105mg/dl
High density lipoprotein (HDL) = 37mg/dl
Low density lipoprotein (LDL)/high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio = 4.1
In planning care with this patient, what is the best outcome?
1. The patient will maintain normal lipid levels without the use of medications.
2. The nurse will educate the patient about diet and exercise.
3. The nurse will validate that the patient understands the importance of lifestyle changes.
4. The patient will achieve normal lipid levels through compliance with medications.

Answer 1

The best outcome would be for the patient to achieve normal lipid levels through compliance with medications, considering the current suboptimal HDL level and the higher LDL/HDL ratio indicating elevated heart disease risk. Lifestyle changes will be vital, but medications may be necessary for desirable lipid control.

Step-by-step explanation:

Best Outcome for Achieving Normal Lipid Levels

Considering the patient's current lipid profile, the best outcome would be option 4: The patient will achieve normal lipid levels through compliance with medications. While the patient's LDL cholesterol of 105 mg/dl is above the optimal level of less than 100 mg/dl, it is still within a moderate range. However, the HDL cholesterol at 37 mg/dl is below the desired level of >40 mg/dl for men and >50 mg/dl for women. Additionally, an LDL/HDL ratio of 4.1 is indicative of a higher risk for heart disease, with a lower ratio being preferable. Interventions may include lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, but depending on the individual's risk factors and health status, medications may be necessary to achieve and maintain normal lipid levels.

Dietary modifications and increased physical activity can lower total cholesterol and improve the LDL/HDL ratio. The inclusion of omega-3 fatty acids may also promote lower total cholesterol levels. Medications, such as statins, might be prescribed when lifestyle interventions are insufficient to reduce heart disease risk.