Final answer:
The "Americanization" strategy proposed by McNamara and Westmoreland during the Vietnam War refers to military intervention, which was characterized by an increase in U.S. troops and military engagement in Vietnam, as part of a broader Cold War containment strategy to prevent the spread of Communism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The strategy of "Americanization" recommended by Robert McNamara and William Westmoreland during the Vietnam War can best be described as military intervention. This strategy involved a significant increase in the number of American troops in Vietnam with the goal of using U.S. military power to aggressively engage and defeat the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces. Rather than relying on South Vietnamese forces, the Americanization approach was based on the assumption that a superior American military presence could suppress the Communist insurgency and lead to a U.S. victory in the war.
The Americanization policy was part of the broader grand strategy of the United States during the Cold War, which sought to contain the spread of Communism and exert U.S. influence around the world. This strategy was aligned with U.S. foreign policy goals of ensuring national security, protecting human rights, and securing access to foreign markets. Ultimately, the Americanization policy in Vietnam was criticized for underestimating the complexity of the conflict and the resilience of the Vietnamese opposition.