Final answer:
The hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is Progesterone, which is essential for preparing the uterine lining for potential implantation and regulating the menstrual cycle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hormone that is secreted by the corpus luteum is Progesterone. After ovulation, the corpus luteum is formed from the remnants of the follicle that has released an egg. This structure is critical in the reproductive cycle, as it produces and secretes progesterone, which prepares the endometrium of the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg, and it also regulates the secretion of other hormones, such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). It is progesterone that inhibits the release of LH and FSH to prevent the development of further eggs during this phase of the menstrual cycle.