Final answer:
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus increase the risk of surgery. Obesity, poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and tobacco use are also major risk factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical conditions that increase the risk of surgery include hypertension and diabetes mellitus. These conditions are associated with higher chances of complications during and after surgery. Additionally, obesity, poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and tobacco use are also major risk factors.