Final answer:
Western blotting is the technique used to examine proteins, where proteins are separated by gel electrophoresis, transferred to a membrane, and detected using specific antibodies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The technique used to examine proteins is Western blotting. In a Western blot, proteins are separated by gel electrophoresis, transferred onto a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), and detected using antibodies that are specific to the protein of interest. This method is valuable for identifying specific proteins in a mixture and can be used to assess protein size, quantify protein amounts, and detect post-translational modifications.
Southern blotting is used to find specific sequences in a DNA sample by separating DNA fragments on a gel, transferring them to a nylon membrane, and incubating with a DNA probe. Northern blotting is comparable to Southern blotting but is applied to RNA to detect gene expression. A microarray is another technique that can probe for many genetic sequences at once but does not directly examine proteins.