Final answer:
Humans have 46 chromosomes in their somatic cells, which are diploid cells with 23 pairs of chromosomes including autosomes and sex chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in their somatic cells. These include 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, making a total of 23 pairs. Females have two X chromosomes, whereas males have one X and one Y chromosome. It's important to note that in gametes, which are the sperm and egg cells, there are only 23 chromosomes in total. These gametes are haploid, meaning they contain a single set of chromosomes, as opposed to somatic cells which are diploid with two sets.
The correct answer to the question is E. 46 chromosomes.