Final answer:
The anaerobic or ventilatory threshold can be identified by an increase in blood lactate and an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
The anaerobic or ventilatory threshold can be identified by an increase in blood lactate, as lactate is a by-product of anaerobic glycolysis. This increase indicates that the body is relying more on anaerobic metabolism as exercise intensity increases. Therefore, an increase in blood lactate is a clear marker of the anaerobic threshold.
Additionally, an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels can also indicate the anaerobic threshold. During intense exercise, CO2 production increases as a result of anaerobic metabolism. Therefore, a change in the rate of CO2 in relation to O2 can serve as an indicator of the anaerobic threshold.