Final answer:
ADLs consist of five categories involving basic self-care tasks: eating, dressing, mobility, hygiene, and toileting. The ability to perform these daily activities is key to independent living, particularly in old age, and can be sustained through exercise, nutrition, and an active lifestyle. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Activities of Daily Living, or ADLs, are the routine activities that people tend to do every day without needing assistance. They are fundamental skills required to properly care for oneself and maintain independence. There are generally five categories of ADLs:
- Eating
- Dressing
- Mobility
- Hygiene
- Toileting
These activities are considered when evaluating individuals, particularly the elderly, to understand their functioning levels in their day-to-day life. The ability to perform ADLs is often used as a measure of a person's ability to live independently and can be impacted by physical, cognitive, and psychological changes as one ages. Aspects like proper exercise, nutrition, and an active lifestyle play crucial roles in maintaining these abilities into old age.
Cognitive decline typically does not begin until later in life, but physical decline can start in middle adulthood. Maintaining an active lifestyle and social connections, along with mastering challenges like those brought on by transitions such as the shift from adolescence to adulthood or the various stages of aging, are essential for well-being.
Healthcare professionals often recommend activities that engage the body and mind to support physical and cognitive health as individuals age.