Final answer:
Erythropoietin (EPO) is used to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease by stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.
Step-by-step explanation:
The complication of chronic kidney disease that is treated with erythropoietin (EPO) is anemia. EPO is a 193-amino acid protein produced predominantly by the kidneys, which stimulates the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. When chronic kidney disease occurs, the kidneys' ability to produce EPO may be impaired, leading to a decrease in red blood cell production and consequently anemia. Anemia can make it challenging for the body to meet its oxygen demands, diminishing performance and potentially being life-threatening.
EPO therapy is used to combat anemia by increasing red blood cell production, thereby improving oxygen carrying capacity in the blood. This treatment is particularly crucial for individuals with end-stage kidney disease, who may experience a significant reduction in natural EPO production.