Final answer:
A correlation describes a situation where the value of one variable can predict the value of another with a correlation coefficient, r, ranging from -1 to 1 to indicate relationship strength and direction. Importantly, correlation does not imply causation.
Step-by-step explanation:
A correlation describes a situation where the value of one variable can be used to more accurately predict the value of another. A correlation is associated with two or more variables, where a change in one is related to a change in the other. This relationship can be quantified using a correlation coefficient, often denoted as r, which ranges from -1 to 1. The value of r indicates the direction (positive or negative) and the strength of the relationship. However, it's essential to remember that a correlation does not indicate causation; it simply indicates a relationship where variables change together, not that one necessarily causes the change in the other.