Final answer:
During a nephrectomy, common positioning aides include a kidney rest, rolled towels, and Allen stirrups, but not a Mayfield headrest, which is primarily used in neurosurgical procedures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Positioning aides are crucial for ensuring patient safety and optimal surgical access during procedures such as a nephrectomy, which is the surgical removal of a kidney. Among the positioning aides listed, three are commonly used: kidney rest, which supports the patient's body and helps expose the operative field; rolled towels, which can be positioned to enhance stability and operative exposure; and Allen stirrups, which are utilized for holding the patient's legs in a secure and proper position.
However, the Mayfield headrest is typically used during neurosurgical procedures to secure a patient's head and neck, making it an unlikely choice for abdominal surgery like a nephrectomy. Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4: Mayfield headrest, as it is not a common positioning aide used during a nephrectomy.