Final answer:
In a cholecystectomy, the cystic duct and cystic artery are ligated and divided, which are not mentioned in the given options, making the correct answer E. None of the above.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a cholecystectomy, which is the surgical removal of the gallbladder, the structures that are ligated and divided are typically the cystic duct and the cystic artery. The cystic duct is the structure that connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct, which carries bile into the small intestine. The common bile duct itself is generally not ligated or divided during this procedure; it continues to provide a pathway for bile secreted by the liver to reach the small intestine. The cystic artery provides the gallbladder with its blood supply and is also ligated and divided to prevent bleeding. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is E. None of the above, because the options listed do not include the structures that are actually ligated and divided in a cholecystectomy.