Final answer:
Hemodialysis is the procedure to remove waste products from the blood in patients with end-stage renal disease, acting as an artificial kidney machine where blood is filtered and cleansed before being returned to the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure designed to remove waste products of urine from the blood of a patient with end-stage renal disease is hemodialysis. During this medical procedure, a patient's blood is filtered externally through an artificial kidney machine. This machine acts like a substitute for the failing kidneys, using a semipermeable membrane, typically made from cellophane, which allows waste products such as urea and excess fluid to pass through while retaining the larger molecules such as proteins and blood cells.
The cleaned blood is then returned to the patient's body. This process is crucial for patients with kidney failure, as it artificially purifies the blood, removing harmful accumulated wastes and excess water by diffusion and ultrafiltration. For many patients, this treatment is a lifelong necessity unless they are eligible for a kidney transplant.