Final answer:
John Wesley believed that the consequences of Original Sin were personal guilt and corruption of human nature, aligning with traditional Christian theology. His views influenced the Second Great Awakening and subsequent social reform movements, emphasizing moral corruption and the need for spiritual growth and redemption.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to John Wesley, a prominent figure in the Christian theological tradition, the consequences of Original Sin on the human race are primarily reflected in option c) personal guilt and corruption of human nature. Wesley, a key figure in the Methodist movement, believed in the doctrine of Original Sin, asserting that Adam and Eve's disobedience in the Garden of Eden resulted in the inheritance of a fallen nature by all human beings. This doctrine, deeply rooted in Christian theology, implies that humanity is born with a natural inclination towards sin, leading to personal guilt and a pervasive corruption of human nature. Wesley's teachings emphasize the need for spiritual regeneration through faith in Christ to overcome the consequences of Original Sin. The concept does not align with options a) spiritual enlightenment and moral elevation, b) cosmic redemption and universal salvation, or d) intellectual liberation and cultural progress, as Wesley's focus was on the individual's moral struggle and the need for divine grace for redemption.