Final answer:
The correct medication used to control severe uterine hemorrhage following labor or an induced abortion is b. Methergine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Methergine, or methylergonovine, is a medication commonly employed to manage severe uterine hemorrhage post-labor or induced abortion. Its mechanism of action involves stimulating uterine contractions and reducing blood flow. Methergine acts on smooth muscle cells, particularly those in the uterus, leading to increased tone and decreased bleeding. This is crucial in preventing excessive postpartum or post-abortion bleeding.
The other options can be ruled out through understanding their functions. Oxytocin primarily stimulates uterine contractions during labor and helps control bleeding after delivery but may not be as effective in severe cases. Misoprostol is often used for medical abortion and to prevent gastric ulcers, and its efficacy in severe uterine hemorrhage is limited. Ergonovine, while similar to Methergine, is less commonly used today due to its potential side effects. Therefore, Methergine stands out as the preferred choice in this context.
In conclusion, Methergine's ability to enhance uterine contractions and reduce bleeding makes it the optimal medication for managing severe uterine hemorrhage following labor or an induced abortion.