Final answer:
According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE), prevention measures appear(s) to work better than punishment as a deterrent to crime. So, the correct answer is option c.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prevention measures are considered more effective than punishment according to the ACFE, as they change the conditions conducive to crime and raise the costs associated with criminal behavior. This conclusion is supported by research showing that actions that raise the costs of crime, through deterrence or by increasing the opportunity costs of crime, have been linked with decreases in criminal behavior.
For instance, strategies such as safe neighborhood programs, increased lighting in dark areas, use of body cameras by law enforcement, and education that teaches youths to consider costs and benefits are all prevention measures that have been successful to varying degrees.
The effectiveness of prevention measures is based on changing the conditions that contribute to criminal activity rather than solely relying on the punishment after a crime has been committed.